Abstract: In October 2023, the European Union formally initiated an anti-subsidy investigation into Chinese new energy vehicles under the Anti-Subsidy Regulation (EU) 2016/1037. In October 2024, it issued a final ruling imposing a five-year anti-subsidy duty on electric vehicles imported from China. This paper analyzes the legal basis and procedures of the investigation, examining its conflicts with the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement) and multilateral trade rules. It argues that the EU's actions risk exceeding its authority and violating international law. The investigation breaches numerous fundamental WTO principles, and China's subsidy policies do not fall under the subsidy categories defined by the SCM Agreement. Factually, the EU disregards that the competitiveness of China's new energy vehicles stems from inherent strengths within the industry itself. Procedurally, the EU's investigation process is unfair and non-transparent, failing to sincerely facilitate bilateral negotiations and consultations. It violates procedural justice in terms of investigation initiation, procedural participation, and procedural disclosure. The EU's anti-subsidy investigation, aimed at industrial protection, may generate a series of adverse effects. This holds significant implications for the overseas expansion of China's new energy vehicles and international subsidy governance rules. This paper will also propose a series of policy recommendations. Read More

Abstract: In recent years, growing environmental concerns such as resource depletion, climate change, and waste accumulation have driven a global shift toward more sustainable practices. Recycling, as a cornerstone of the circular economy, has become a crucial strategy to address these issues. This paper examines consumer purchase intentions and market expansion strategies for recycled resource products, with a focus on Chinese enterprises. China’s rapid economic growth, coupled with increasing attention to environmental protection, has led to a rising demand for recycled products. Key government policies, such as the Circular Economy Promotion Law, have been instrumental in promoting recycling and creating a market for recycled goods. The study explores how consumer attitudes toward sustainability shape purchasing decisions and outlines strategies that businesses can employ to capitalize on this expanding market. Through this analysis, the paper provides valuable insights into effective market strategies for enterprises aiming to succeed in China’s recycled products sector. Read More

Abstract: This article focuses on the application of digital management of agricultural machinery in agricultural production, analyzes the management upgrading value brought by the Internet of Things, big data and other technologies, and deeply explores the problems of inconsistent policy standards, high technology landing cost, weak infrastructure, and prominent data security risks faced in practice. Through targeted suggestions such as improving the policy system, increasing financial technical support, strengthening infrastructure, and building a data security protection system, it provides reference for breaking through the bottleneck of digital management and promotion of agricultural machinery and helping agricultural mechanization move towards a new stage of digital intelligence. Read More

Abstract: In today's era of rapid digital advancement, digital transformation has become an indispensable component of sustained corporate growth. This paper delves into the origins and profound implications of digital transformation, conducting a detailed analysis of its theoretical value and practical impact. It first elucidates the background and significance of digital transformation, reviews existing research literature on the relationship between digital transformation and corporate performance, and provides a comprehensive overview of these studies. Second, it examines relevant influence pathways and corporate heterogeneity. Through this analysis, the paper aims to provide additional reference points for future research and applications concerning corporate digital transformation and business performance. Read More

Abstract: In modern market economies, policies, as the core tool for government regulation of economic operations, have a close interactive relationship with corporate market behavior. This paper examines the inherent relationship between policy-driven and corporate market behavior. Through theoretical deduction and logical analysis, it systematically explores the core mechanisms and transmission pathways of their interaction. The research shows that policy-driven influences corporate decision-making through three core mechanisms: signal transmission, resource allocation, and constraint incentives. Its transmission pathway encompasses both direct regulation and indirect guidance, and is constrained by factors such as policy characteristics, corporate attributes, and the external environment. Furthermore, corporate responses to policies are not passive acceptance, but rather proactive adaptations based on their own interests and market judgment. This analysis aims to clarify the logic of the interaction between policy and corporate market behavior, providing theoretical references for optimizing policy design and enhancing the effectiveness of policy guidance on corporate behavior. It also offers insights for companies to more accurately grasp policy guidance and regulate their market behavior. Read More

Abstract: The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have become a global consensus, driving a paradigm shift in the global value chain from one prioritizing efficiency to one prioritizing sustainability, profoundly impacting the logic of the international division of labor and the system of trade rules. Drawing on the latest data from international organizations such as UNCTAD and the WTO, this article systematically examines the inherent coupling between the SDGs and the global value chain, analyzes the triple mechanism by which policy regulation, market demand, and technological innovation drive the reshaping of the value chain, and explores the core directions of regionalization, greening, and digitalization in this reshaping. The results show that this reshaping of the value chain is leading to a dual dynamic of "multipolarization" and "reconstruction of rules" in the international trade landscape: the trade share of BRICS countries has increased to 22%, and emerging economies and low-income countries within developing countries are showing differentiated participation. Emerging economies have significantly strengthened their voice in the rules, but green barriers such as the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) have a more significant impact on low-income countries, exacerbating trade stratification. Based on practical cases such as Midea's overseas lighthouse factories and Jinhua's corporate carbon labeling, it is demonstrated that green technological innovation and regional collaboration are key pathways to overcoming the challenges of this transition. The research conclusions of this article can provide practical reference for countries to participate in the upgrading of the global value chain and adapt to the evolution of the international trade pattern. Read More

Abstract: The Balanced Scorecard (BSC), as a crucial tool for performance evaluation, has been widely applied in the production and operational processes of various organizations or enterprises. This paper aims to highlight the characteristics of tertiary Grade-A hospitals by combining theoretical research with practical investigation. Building upon the traditional four dimensions of the BSC and integrating the concepts of public welfare and social benefits inherent to tertiary Grade-A hospitals, a social responsibility dimension is introduced to reconstruct the BSC, thereby organically aligning the hospital’s strategic objectives with performance evaluation. Using AZ Hospital as a case study, data from the past year and the average KPIs of tertiary Grade-A hospitals were collected and analyzed to compare AZ Hospital’s performance across various dimensions. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to determine indicator weights and establish a comprehensive scientific evaluation system, ultimately assessing AZ Hospital’s performance, drawing conclusions, and providing recommendations. Read More

Abstract: The scale of transnational projects continues to expand in the context of globalization. According to the World Bank's 2023 Global Infrastructure Development Report, global investment in transnational infrastructure projects will increase by 68% in 2023 compared to 2010. However, geopolitical conflicts, supply chain fluctuations, and carbon constraints have significantly increased the difficulty of project management. The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs) is pushing countries to incorporate "economy-environment-society" synergies into their policy frameworks. Policies such as the 2024 amendment to the EU's Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR) and China's "dual carbon" goals are forcing project management to shift from a "cost-oriented" to a "multi-value-oriented" approach. This paper, through literature research (reviewing the UNEP "SDGs Project Management White Paper" and the PMI "Sustainable Project Management Framework") and case studies (China Construction's Jubail project in Saudi Arabia and IKEA's global supply chain project), constructs a five-dimensional coordination mechanism: "goals-resources-environment-society-risk." It proposes a path to ensure this through policy coordination, technological empowerment, and talent development. Research shows that, based on verifiable corporate practices and policy requirements, a five-dimensional coordination mechanism can effectively balance the economic benefits and sustainable value of cross-border projects, providing companies with actionable solutions for mitigating compliance risks (such as EU carbon tariffs) and implementing the SDGs. Read More

Abstract: In the digital economy, customer behavior data has become a core asset for businesses to understand demand and optimize decision-making. Traditional demographic-based customer segmentation struggles to capture dynamic customer needs and potential preferences, and is increasingly unable to adapt to the pace of market competition. This paper, focusing on behavioral data, combines literature research with industry practice to systematically explore implementation paths for customer segmentation and the optimization of precision marketing strategies. The study first examines the connotation, types, and technical support of behavioral data, clarifying the application logic of RFM models and K-means clustering. It then constructs a comprehensive framework encompassing "data collection - cleaning and integration - feature extraction - model building - segmentation validation." Drawing on retail and e-commerce practices, it demonstrates how to achieve refined customer segmentation based on browsing history, purchase frequency, and dwell time. It then proposes differentiated strategies such as personalized recommendations, lifecycle management, and churn recovery for high-value, active, growth-potential, and churn-risk customer segments. Finally, it analyzes issues related to data privacy and quality assurance, and offers risk management recommendations based on the Personal Information Protection Law. Research has found that behavioral data-driven customer segmentation can increase marketing conversion rates by 30%-50% and reduce marketing costs by over 20%, providing practical theoretical and practical insights for digital marketing transformation. Read More

Abstract: As a new economic form guiding future development, the digital economy is becoming a core engine driving high-quality economic development. Based on the dialectical principle of productivity and production relations, this article systematically analyzes the internal mechanisms of the digital economy in promoting high-quality development and, drawing on my country's development practices, explores practical implementation paths. Research shows that by 2024, the added value of my country's core digital economy industries will account for 10.4% of GDP, and digital technology will contribute 22.5% to total factor productivity growth. This data fully demonstrates the key role of the digital economy in improving economic efficiency, enabling innovation, and optimizing the industrial structure. Currently, my country's digital economy development exhibits a "triple helix drive" but still faces significant challenges: Regional imbalances are prominent, with digital industry growth in the eastern region reaching 6.5% while in the western region only 0.8%, leading to significant resource imbalances. Core technology sectors are highly dependent on external sources, and some key technological links present supply security risks, hindering independent development. To this end, this study proposes a three-dimensional collaborative approach: technological innovation, institutional improvement, and ecosystem optimization. This will further deepen the implementation of the "Eastern Data West Computing" project, accelerate the reform of the market-oriented allocation of data elements, break down barriers to factor mobility, and ultimately build a new landscape for high-quality development of the digital economy, providing sustained impetus for economic transformation and upgrading. Read More

Abstract: The deepening development of the digital economy has made internet celebrity marketing the core path for brands to reach users. According to the "2025 China Internet Celebrity Marketing Solution Industry Report" by Boyan Consulting, the domestic market size will reach 680 billion yuan in 2024. However, the traditional model relies on traffic indicators such as exposure and clicks, ignores emotional appeals, and leads to pain points such as "high traffic, low conversion" and "weak user stickiness". Big data technology provides a path to crack pain points, mining users' multi scenario emotional tendencies through sentiment analysis, and helping them achieve the transformation from "traffic driven" to "emotion driven". This paper combs the integration status quo, clarifies the emotional analysis technology links (data collection, tagging, modeling), refines three core strategies, and analyzes their applications in live video delivery, short video operation, and brand reputation maintenance by using the literature research method in combination with Taobao Live emotional monitoring, Tiktok content emotional adaptation and other cases. To address the challenges of noise data accounting for 40% (supported by IDC), emotional ambiguity, and privacy compliance, optimization paths such as multimodal fusion, privacy computing, and industry standards are proposed. Research has confirmed that sentiment analysis helps internet celebrities and brands accurately capture demand, driving conversion rates to increase by 12% -20% (HypeAuditor 2024 Internet Celebrity Marketing Insights Report), providing support for their sustainable development. Read More

Abstract: In corporate management, the degree of synergy between budget management and performance appraisal directly impacts the efficiency of organizational resource allocation and the effectiveness of strategic implementation. According to the "Enterprise Budget Performance Management Development Report" released by the Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences, 60%-75% of enterprises experience a misalignment between budget targets and performance indicators. The resulting sunk costs average 10%-15% of an enterprise's annual budget, resulting in wasted resources and weakening the support provided by management tools for the business. Based on the balanced scorecard theory and dynamic budget management theory, this article explores optimization paths for a performance appraisal system based on budget management from five perspectives: current situation diagnosis, theoretical integration, technical support, mechanism innovation, and cultural support. The study found that enterprises currently face common problems such as unrealistic goal setting, unbalanced indicator design, and ineffective execution and monitoring. Deep integration of budget and performance can be achieved through strategies such as establishing a dynamic target adjustment mechanism, improving a multidimensional indicator system, strengthening ERP system technology capabilities, implementing quantitative management and control throughout the entire process, and promoting organizational cultural transformation. Practice has shown that the optimized system can improve resource allocation efficiency by about 20%, enhance corporate strategic execution, and provide reference management upgrade solutions for organizations of different sizes and industries. The relevant conclusions can be verified through industry statistics and theoretical practice. Read More

Abstract: The financing constraints of enterprises are the core bottleneck that restricts their sustainable operation and innovative development, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises that face recognized problems in the industry such as information asymmetry, insufficient collateral assets, and narrow financing channels. Under the background of deep integration of digital technology and the financial field, financial technology provides a new path to alleviate financing constraints for enterprises by relying on mature technological advantages such as data processing, intelligent algorithms, and platform construction. This article adopts a combination of literature analysis and case studies to systematically sort out the theoretical basis of the impact of financial technology on corporate financing constraints. It focuses on analyzing the three core mechanisms of data-driven information asymmetry alleviation, platform based financing channel expansion, and intelligent risk pricing optimization. The actual application effect of these mechanisms is verified by taking online commercial banking services for small and micro enterprises (publicly available business models) and JD Technology supply chain finance (case disclosed on the company's official website) as examples. Research has found that financial technology can effectively alleviate corporate financing constraints by reducing transaction costs, improving financing efficiency, and covering blind spots in traditional financial services. However, it also faces industry wide challenges such as data security risks and inadequate regulatory adaptability. The conclusion of this article can provide reference for enterprises to use financial technology to optimize financing strategies and for policy makers to improve the financial technology regulatory system, thereby helping to solve the problem of "difficult and expensive financing" for enterprises. Read More

Abstract: The transportation of hazardous goods by ships is a core link in the global supply chain. Its risks are characterized by suddenness, diffusibility, and high harmfulness. Once an accident occurs, it will cause catastrophic consequences to personal safety, marine ecology, and the shipping economy. Based on the four-dimensional analysis framework of "Man-Machine-Environment-Management", this paper systematically identifies the core risk points in the entire process of consignment, packing, navigation, unloading, and emergency disposal of hazardous goods by ships, and in-depth analyzes the technical bottlenecks, management loopholes, and external incentives that breed risks. By integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method, a risk assessment model is constructed to realize the quantitative characterization of risk levels and the accurate positioning of key management and control nodes. On this basis, from four dimensions of technological innovation, system improvement, management optimization, and emergency enhancement, an integrated "Early Warning-Prevention and Control-Disposal" prevention and control system is proposed, providing theoretical support and practical paths for the safety management of hazardous goods transportation by ships. Read More

Abstract: This study focuses on Tesla owners as research subjects, collecting data through questionnaires and a small number of interviews to explore the key factors influencing their user loyalty and their specific manifestations. The research centers on core dimensions such as product performance, brand image, charging experience, and service quality, analyzing how these factors collectively impact users' repurchase intentions, recommendation intentions, and brand preferences. The study uses four dimensions (product performance, brand image, charging experience, service quality) to analyze their combined impact on user loyalty indicators: repurchase intent, recommendations, and brand preference. Data from questionnaires and interviews were categorized by dimension, then analyzed statistically to identify correlations and clarify how these factors interact to shape Tesla owners’ loyalty. The results show that product performance, the convenience of the supercharging network, and after-sales service experiences are important drivers for enhancing user loyalty, with significant differences existing among different user groups. The study suggests that Tesla further consolidate user stickiness through continuous innovation, optimizing service networks, and strengthening brand community building, while pointing out that other electric vehicle companies can draw lessons from these experiences. The study also reveals the limitations of existing methods in terms of data coverage and depth, providing directions for future research. Read More

Abstract: Based on provincial panel data from 2006 to 2023 in China, this paper systematically investigates the skill stratification effect and regional heterogeneity of industrial intelligence on labor employment structure. It constructs an integrated analytical framework incorporating industrial intelligence level, urbanization, trade openness, industrial structure upgrading, and living costs, employing a fixed-effects model to unravel its mechanisms through three dimensions: substitution effect, creation effect, and productivity effect. The findings reveal that industrial intelligence significantly reduces demand for medium-skilled labor while markedly increasing demand for low-skilled labor, with a relatively modest impact on high-skilled labor. It elevates unemployment rates but concurrently fosters overall employment growth. Regional disparities are pronounced: eastern regions demonstrate positive employment effects from intelligence, whereas central and western regions confront structural unemployment risks due to delayed technological adaptation. Building on these conclusions, the paper proposes establishing a "pyramid-shaped" labor adaptation system, implementing a "flying geese-gradient" intelligent industrialization model, and refining an "incentive-buffer" policy toolkit to address employment challenges during intelligent transformation. Future research should deepen micro-level mechanism analysis, expand cross-national comparative perspectives, and dynamically assess long-term impacts. This study offers new insights into the relationship between technological change and labor markets, providing valuable references for policy formulation and practice. Read More

Abstract: Driven by the dual forces of digital technology and the Rural Revitalization strategy, rural sports event IPs (Intellectual Property), represented by the "Village Super League" ("Cun Chao") and "Village BA" ("Cun BA"), have risen meteorically, creating a phenomenon-level "traffic" miracle. However, a profound inherent contradiction exists between the transience and perishability of "traffic" and the "retention" (user retention, cultural retention, value retention) required for the sustainable development of IP. Based on a "traffic-retention" analytical framework, this paper adopts a qualitative research method, taking Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province (which possesses deep-rooted local sports traditions such as dragon boat racing and martial arts) as a practical observation field, to conduct an in-depth exploration of the sustainable development logic for rural sports event IP driven by digital technology. The study argues that the currently prevalent "traffic logic"—a path that is technology-oriented, spectacle-driven, and focused on short-term monetization—can easily lead to the IP's cultural "performancization," community "marginalization," and value "alienation." This paper proposes that the fundamental shift from "traffic" to "retention" hinges on reshaping the "cultural logic." The core of this "retention logic" is: shifting from technology worship to cultural self-awareness, from spectacle construction to community embeddedness, and from unilateral output to value co-creation. Digital technology should not be viewed merely as a "traffic-driving" tool but must be strategically employed as a "retention" tool for "cultural empowerment," "community connection," and "value precipitation." Based on reflections from the practice in Zhaoqing, this study proposes sustainable development paths, such as transcending "festival-style" thinking, reshaping the "community-led operation" model, and constructing a "value symbiosis" ecosystem. This research aims to provide … Read More

Abstract: In the new period, the global pattern has undergone profound changes, and China's international trade development faces a brand-new environment. This treatise endeavors to scrutinize China's bifurcated predicament within this milieu. Findings demonstrate that, whilst Beijing has seized burgeoning prospects for market proliferation via the Belt and Road Initiative and RCEP's ratification, concurrently kindling novel impetus through cybernetic and ecologically-conscious commerce; contrariwise, geopolitical frictions, mercantilist protectionism, and endogenous structural constraints constitute grave impediments. The analysis posits that China's quintessential resolution resides in transmuting adversities into propulsive catalysts for metamorphosis through sophisticated external liberalization and technological autonomy, thereby consolidating and augmenting its global mercantile stature amidst tumultuous fluctuations. Read More